DevOps Guidelines

Apply only the sections relevant to the workload, provider, environment, and acceptance criteria. Skip Docker, Kubernetes, mobile, production, rollback, health, feature-flag, and security checks when they do not apply.

Deployment strategy

• Rolling (default): gradual, zero-downtime replacement.
• Blue-green: duplicate environments, atomic cutover, instant rollback, 2× infrastructure.
• Canary: route a small percentage first; requires traffic splitting.

Docker

• Pin specific base-image tags (for example node:22-alpine); NEVER use :latest.
• Use multi-stage builds and a non-root user. Copy dependencies first for caching.
• .dockerignore: node_modules, .git, tests. Define HEALTHCHECK and resource limits.

Kubernetes

Configure startup, readiness, and liveness probes with workload-appropriate initial delays and thresholds.

CI/CD

• PR: lint -> typecheck -> unit -> integration -> preview.
• Main: build -> staging -> smoke -> production.

Health and shutdown

• Simple: GET /health -> { "status": "ok" }.
• Detailed: dependencies, uptime, version.
• Services MUST expose meaningful health and gracefully handle SIGTERM when the workload requires it.

Configuration

Use environment variables (Twelve-Factor), separated by environment. Validate at startup and fail fast. NEVER commit secrets or hard-code NODE_ENV=production.

Rollback

Kubernetes: kubectl rollout undo. Vercel: vercel rollback. Docker: redeploy the previous pinned image.

Feature Flags

• Lifecycle: create -> enable -> 5% -> 25% -> 50% -> 100% -> remove flag and dead code.
• Every flag MUST have an owner, expiration, and rollback trigger. Remove within two weeks.

Checklists

• Pre-deploy, when applicable: passing tests, code review, environment variables, migrations, rollback plan.
• Post-deploy services: healthy, monitored, old pods terminated, outcome documented.
• Production services: passing tests; no hardcoded secrets; JSON logs; meaningful health; pinned versions; validated environment variables; resource limits; TLS; CVE scan; CORS; rate limiting; CSP/HSTS/X-Frame-Options; tested rollback; runbook; on-call.
• Apply security/CVE checks to executable or security-sensitive workloads.

Mobile Deployment

• EAS: eas build:configure; eas build -p ios|android --profile preview; eas update --branch production; --auto-submit.
• Fastlane: iOS match/cert/sigh/pilot; Android Gradle/supply.
• Keep credentials in environment/secret storage, never Git. Automate iOS development/distribution signing with fastlane match; use keytool and Google Play App Signing for Android.
• TestFlight: internal instant; external 90 days/100 testers. Google Play: internal/beta/production. Expect 1–7 days for review.
• Rollback: EAS eas update:rollback; native release -> revert build; store release -> reduce phased rollout.